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{{Welcome}} {{GoogleSearch}} {{Contributions}} {{Donate}} '''Collection of "how to" step-by-step recipies for making Wi-Fi work better.''' {{Wi-Fi Articles}} __FORCETOC__ == Get started == '''<big>[http://www.smallnetbuilder.com/content/view/24861/99/ Wireless Networking Need To Know 2006]</big>''' == Measure wireless network performance == * Internet speed testing (''e.g., ''[http://nitro.ucsc.edu/ NDT]) probably ''won't'' tell you anything about your wireless network performance (because wireless is normally faster than an Internet connection). * Instead, measure data transfer throughput between two computers on your network, using software tools such as: ** [http://dast.nlanr.net/Projects/Iperf/ Iperf] ** [http://freshmeat.net/projects/netio/ Netio] * Wireless to ''wireless'' speed will probably be much less than wireless to ''wired'' speed, because ''only one wireless link in one direction can be active at any one time''. == Network Monitoring == Monitor network throughout, amount of data sent/received, etc. See ''[[Wi-Fi#Network Monitors|Network Monitors]]''. == Why and How to do a Site Survey == ''See [[Wi-Fi#Site_Survey_Tools|Site Survey Tools]]'' * [http://www.networkcomputing.com/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=188500632 Crash Course: Wireless Site Surveys] * [http://www.cisco.com/en/US/tech/tk722/tk809/technologies_q_and_a_item09186a00805e9a96.shtml Wireless Site Survey FAQ] (Cisco) == Wireless LAN layout == {| |[[Image:Wireless LAN Channel Grid.png]] |Single floor (horizontal) layout and channel assignments of multiple access points (all with the same unique [[wikipedia:Service set identifier|SSID]]) for maximum coverage with minimum interference. |- |For multiple floors (vertical) layout, stagger the vertical arrangement. |[[Image:Wireless LAN Channel Grid multi floors.png]] |} == Use a wireless router as a wireless access point == # Set [[wikipedia:IP address|IP address]] (manually) #* In the ''same address range'' as your other devices #* That ''doesn't conflict'' with any other device (''e.g.,'' router) # Disable internal [[wikipedia:Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol|DHCP]] server. # Connect ([[wikipedia:Ethernet|Ethernet]]) cable to ''[[wikipedia:Local area network|LAN]]'' port, not [[wikipedia:Wide area network|WAN]]/Internet port. #* Nothing connected to WAN/Internet port. #* May need to use ''[[wikipedia:Ethernet crossover cable|crossover]]'' type cable. # Disable any wireless-to-wired isolation feature. == WPA/WPA2 == [[wikipedia:Wi-Fi Protected Access|WPA]] (Wi-Fi Protected Access) and [[wikipedia:Wi-Fi Protected Access#WPA2|WPA2]] are strongly preferred over [[wikipedia:Wired Equivalent Privacy|WEP]] (Wired Equivalent Privacy) because [[wikipedia:Wired Equivalent Privacy#Flaws|WEP can be easily cracked]]. There are two forms of WPA/WPA2: Personal or PSK (Pre-Shared Key), and Enterprise ([[wikipedia:RADIUS|RADIUS]] authentication). === Use WPA Personal with Windows 98/Me/2000 === Microsoft provides [http://www.microsoft.com/technet/itsolutions/network/wifi/wififaq.mspx#EMF WPA/WPA2 support for Windows XP]. For earlier versions of Windows, third-party software must be used: * [http://www.wirelesssecuritycorp.com/wsc/public/WPAAssistant.do McAfee] (free for WPA-PSK) * [http://www.juniper.net/customers/support/products/oac.jsp Odyssey Access Client] (commercial) * [http://hostap.epitest.fi/wpa_supplicant/ wpa_supplicant] (free, for Linux, BSD, and Windows) === Use WPA/WPA2 Enterprise === WPA Enterprise enhances security and is preferred over WPA because each client is authenticated separately. (Sharing a key is a security risk.) Practical authentication ([[wikipedia:RADIUS|RADIUS]]) solutions for small wireless networks include: * [http://us.zyxel.com/web/product_family_detail.php?PC1indexflag=20040520161256&CategoryGroupNo=1FD9B843-06BE-448D-B770-5383D40CD32E ZyXEL G-2000 Plus] (wireless router with built-in PEAP server) == Secure a wireless network == ''Why'' to do it: [http://www.news.com/Worried-about-Wi-Fi-security/2100-7347_3-5540969.html Worried about Wi-Fi security?] ''What'' to do: # Change the [[wikipedia:Service set identifier|SSID]] to something truly unique (''e.g., ''instead of ''Linksys'', something like ''John Doe's private wireless''). # Use some form of [[wikipedia:Wi-Fi Protected Access|WPA security]] with a [[wikipedia:Passphrase#Passphrase selection|strong passphrase]]. ''(WEP is easily and quickly cracked.)'' # Use a [[wikipedia:Personal firewall|personal firewall]] (software firewall) on ''all'' networked computers (wired or wireless). # [[#Secure network shares|Secure ''all'' network shares]] # Either ensure remote access to the wireless administrator interface is disabled, or set a [[wikipedia:Password strength|strong]] wireless administrator password. * For more information, see ''[[Wi-Fi#Wi-Fi Security|Wi-Fi Security]]'' and ''[[Wikibooks:Wifi/Security]]''. ** For things ''not'' to do, see ''[[Wi-Fi#Wi-Fi Security Myths|Wi-Fi Security Myths]]''. === Secure WDS === WPA ([[wikipedia:Wi-Fi Protected Access|Wi-Fi Protected Access]]) cannot normally be used to secure WDS ([[wikipedia:Wireless Distribution System|Wireless Distribution System]]) wireless repeating/range extension. However, according to the [http://expertanswercenter.techtarget.com/eac/knowledgebaseAnswer/0,295199,sid63_gci1104925,00.html TechTarget Expert Answer Center], current versions of the following products support WDS with WPA (albeit likely only with products from the same vendor): * Apple Airport * Sveasoft Alchemy * Belkin 802.11g Wireless Network Access Point * 3COM OfficeConnect Wireless 108 Mbps 11g PoE Access Point * Corinex Wireless to Powerline Router G == Setup a hotspot == '''See:''' * [http://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/general/0,295582,sid14_gci1167675,00.html?track=wsland Controlling WLAN access on a tight budget] * '''[ftp://download.intel.com/business/bss/infrastructure/wireless/deployment/hotspot.pdf Intel Wireless Hotspot Deployment Guide] ''(link currently broken)''''' ** [http://www.nor-tech.com/solutions/dox/Wi-Fi_Hotspot_Deployment_Guide.pdf Non-Intel link #1] (11/2003 version) ** [http://802.11junk.com/jeffl/crud/Intel%20HotSpot%20Guide.pdf Non-Intel link #2] (9/2005 version) * '''[[Wi-Fi#Wireless Isolation|Wireless Isolation]]''' * [[Wikipedia:Hotspot (Wi-Fi)]] * [[Wikipedia:Captive portal]] '''Liability:''' * [http://www.bitlaw.com/internet/isp.html ISP Liability] * [http://www.libertolaw.com/2-99.html New Law Limits ISP Liability for Copyright Infringement] === Hotspot hardware === Products that provide "[[Wikipedia:Captive portal|captive portal]]" or splash page functionality: * D-Link ** [http://www.dlink.com/products/?sec=0&pid=173 Airspot DSA-3100 Public/Private Hot Spot Gateway] ** [http://www.dlink.com/products/?sec=0&pid=402 Airspot DSA-3200 Wireless G Public/Private Hot Spot Gateway] ** [http://www.dlink.com/products/?sec=0&pid=349 Airspot DSA-5100 Public/Private Hot Spot Gateway] * [http://www.instanthotspot.com/ Instant HotSpot] * [http://www.linksysinfo.org/forums/showthread.php?t=47282 Linksys WRT54GL with modified firmware] (Linksysinfo.org) ** See also ''[[Wi-Fi#3rd-party Firmware|Wi-Fi 3rd-party Firmware]]'' * [http://www.smc.com/index.cfm?event=viewProduct&localeCode=EN_USA&cid=94&scid=&pid=1422 SMCWHSG44-G EliteConnect Wireless Hotspot Gateway] * [http://www.sonicwall.com/products/tz150_wireless.html SonicWALL TZ 150 Wireless] * [http://us.zyxel.com/products/model.php?indexcate=1028015363 ZyAIR B-4000 Turn-key Hotspot Gateway] === Hotspot software === Products that provide "captive portal" or splash page functionality: * [http://www.dnsredirector.com DNS Redirector] (Runs on Windows XP/2K/2K3 using any existing AP hardware) * [http://www.freeradius.org/ Free RADIUS] (open source [[wikipedia:RADIUS|RADIUS]] server) * [http://www.publicip.net/ ZoneCD] (Public IP) === Hotspot systems === Turnkey hardware and software: * [http://www.hotspotsystem.com/ HotSpotSystem.com] === Controlling "squatters" and "leeching" === Of varying effectiveness: # Password from the operator that must be entered on the initial splash or signon page, changed periodically. # WEP or WPA key that changes periodically. # Drastically reduced transmit power on the access point. # Distance measuring devices that can tell if the client is inside or outside. # Turn off wireless during off hours. # Don't provide electrical power (limiting use to battery capacity). # Download quotas and [[wikipedia:Quality of service|Quality of Service]] (QoS). These are rule based quotas for what an individual client may download. QoS is also good for preventing a user from hogging all your bandwidth. However, administration is tricky and there are ways around quotas. === Mobile hotspot === * Mobile [[wikipedia:Recreational vehicle|RV]] systems ** [http://www.radiolabs.com/products/wireless/waverv.php WaveRV] * RV hotspots ** [http://www.wififreespot.com/rv.html Free Wi-Fi in RV Parks and Campgrounds] ** [http://www.modemfriendly.com/ Guide to Modem Friendly Campgrounds] ** [http://www.rversonline.org/RVMFHSE.html List of Free or low cost WiFi RV Parks] ** [http://www.rvtravel.com/wifi.html RV Park WiFi Hotspots] ** [http://www.rv-wireless-internet.com/ RV Wireless Internet] * RV hotspot providers ** [http://www.rvwifi.com/ RVwifi] ** [http://www.wifirv.com/ WiFiRV] == Secure Internet access in a public hotspot == * Wireless transmissions on a public [[wikipedia:Hotspot (Wi-Fi)|hotspot]] are typically [[wikipedia:Encryption|unencrypted]], and thus '''exposed to snooping'''. * All computers on a public hotspot are typically exposed to each other, and thus '''vulnerable to network attacks'''. === Use a software firewall === * A good software "[[wikipedia:Firewall (networking)|firewall]]" will protect your computer from network attacks. * '''See ''[[Wi-Fi#Software Firewall|Wi-Fi Software Firewall]]''.''' === Secure network shares === * Use ''[[Wi-Fi#What Makes for a Strong Password or Passphrase?|strong passwords]]'' on ''all system accounts'' (including Administrator) and on ''all [[Wikipedia:User (computing)|user accounts]]''. * Microsoft Windows *# Use ''[http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?kbid=304040 Simple File Sharing]'' (Windows XP only); or *# Make sure that ''all network shares are secured with strong passwords'' (all versions of Windows). Use ''Control Panel'' → ''Administrative Tools'' → ''Computer Management'' → ''Shared Folders'' → ''Shares'' to review and check ''Properties'' of all network shares. === Use SSL/TLS for email access === * Using standard [[wikipedia:Post Office Protocol|POP3]]/[[wikipedia:Simple Mail Transfer Protocol|SMTP]] email protocols for email over wireless is '''very dangerous''' because '''passwords aren't encrypted'''. '''''Use of '''[[wikipedia:Transport Layer Security|SSL/TLS]]''' is the best way to secure email connections.''''' * Email connections can be secured by using a [[wikipedia:Web-based email|Web-based email]] (webmail) service that supports SSL/TLS connections. ''Make sure your browser displays a padlock icon (just below) throughout your email session.'' Such services include: ** Google Mail (Gmail) (free) '''''if''''' you use this link ''after ''login: https://mail.google.com/ * POP3/SMTP sessions can also be protected if the email provider supports SSL/TLS. Such providers include: ** [http://mail.google.com Google Mail] (Gmail) (free) (Help available on configuring many email clients) * Even with SSL/TLS, '''email is still vulnerable to snooping''' on the public Internet unless individual messages are encrypted (''e.g., ''with [http://www.imc.org/smime-pgpmime.html S/MIME or OpenPGP]). === Use SSL/TLS for sensitive Web pages === * Use of ''any ''website for sensitive information (''e.g., ''social security number, credit card number, on-line banking, on-line investments, ''etc.'') should '''always be protected by means of [[wikipedia:Transport Layer Security|SSL/TLS]]'''. The [[wikipedia:Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] (link) should start with '''https'''. ''Make sure your browser displays a padlock icon ([https://.]) throughout your session.'' === Use VPN to protect all transmissions === * VPN ([[wikipedia:Virtual private network|Virtual Private Networking]]) is used to construct and connect private networks using the public [[wikipedia:Internet|Internet]]. Communications are secured by means of some type of [[wikipedia:Encryption|encryption]], depending on the specific type of VPN. SSL VPN can offer a good solution to this security problem - www.thewifishop.net * '''See ''[[Wi-Fi#VPN Service Providers|Wi-Fi VPN Service Providers]]''.''' == Give Wi-Fi preference over wired Ethernet (or vice versa) == Interface [[wikipedia:Routing#Routed versus routing protocol|routing Metrics]] control which interface will be used at any given time. === Microsoft Windows === * Automatic route Metrics: :{| border="1" ! Interface ! align="center" | Metric |- | align="right" | '''100'''BaseT wired Ethernet | align="center" | 20 |- | align="right" | 802.11'''a/g''' Wi-Fi | align="center" | 25 |- | align="right" | '''10'''BaseT wired Ethernet | align="center" | 30 |- | align="right" | 802.11'''b''' Wi-Fi | align="center" | 30 |} * To display route Metrics, Run<br><code>%COMSPEC% /K ROUTE PRINT</code> ** For which Interface is which IP address, Run<br><code>%COMSPEC% /K IPCONFIG /ALL</code> ** Preference is given to the lowest Metric, or to the first bound Interface for equal Metrics, as shown for ''Default Route''. * Route Metrics can be controlled with the ''Interface Metric'' option in ''Advanced TCP/IP Settings'' for a Connection. ** To give Wi-Fi preference over any wired Ethernet, set the Metric of Wireless to 10. ** To give any wired Ethernet preference over Wi-Fi, set the Metric of Wireless to 40. == Make a Wi-Fi antenna or reflector for cheap == * [http://www.FreeAntennas.com www.FreeAntennas.com] ** ''Really works!'' ** Can help even when antenna isn't replaceable * [[Wikipedia:Cantenna]] * [http://www.oreillynet.com/cs/user/view/wlg/1124 Coffee Cantenna] * [http://www.seattlewireless.net/DirectionalWaveguide?action=show&redirect=TinCantenna TinCantenna] * [http://www.binarywolf.com/249/ Do-It-Yourself Wireless Antennas Update and Resource Center] Amount of antenna improvement: * Standard "rubber duck" [[wikipedia:Antenna gain|antenna gain]] (effectiveness) is about 2 dBi. * It takes an ''increase of 6 dB to double range''. Thus: :{| border="1" | align="right" | Antenna: | 2 dBi | 8 dBi | 14 dBi | ''etc.'' |- | align="right" | Range: | align="center" | 1x | align="center" | 2x | align="center" | 4x | align="center" | ''...'' |} == Add additional Wi-Fi access points (to increase coverage) == * Configure all access points with ''same [[wikipedia:Service set identifier|SSID]]'' * Ideally use different ''[[Wi-Fi#Wi-Fi Channels|minimally interfering channels]]'' (1, 6, 11) * Place them: ** 'back-to-back' with [[wikipedia:Directional antenna|directional antennas]] in opposite directions, or ** in different locations. * Additional access points best connected by wire to router, by means of ** Standard [[wikipedia:Ethernet|Ethernet]] cable ** [[wikipedia:HomePlug Powerline Alliance|Powerline networking]] ** [[wikipedia:HomePNA|Phoneline networking]] ** [[wikipedia:Multimedia over Coax Alliance|TV cable networking]] (Ethernet over coax) *** [http://www.coaxsys.com/ Coaxsys] *** [http://www.multilet.us/ Multilet] * Wireless repeater or [[wikipedia:Wireless Distribution System|WDS]] can be used, but: ** Can be difficult to get working ** Wireless throughput is cut in half == Configure a Wi-Fi client bridge == For background, see ''[[Fast Fixes to Wi-Fi Problems#Can't connect to Wi-Fi client bridge and Internet at the same time|Can't connect to Wi-Fi client bridge and Internet at the same time]]''. '''Problem:''' The [[wikipedia:Network card|NIC]] on a local computer needs a manually-assigned IP on the same subnet to connect to the client bridge config interface but then can't access the Internet, and when configured for DHCP through the client bridge can then talk to the Internet but not the client bridge. '''Solutions:''' # [[wikipedia:Multihoming|Multihoming]] of the NIC (single link, multiple IP addresses) #* For Microsoft Windows XP, see "Configuring Multiple IP Addresses on a Network Adapter" in [http://www.microsoft.com/technet/prodtechnol/winxppro/reskit/c24621675.mspx Configuring IP Addressing and Name Resolution]. ''Note:'' This only works with all manual addresses, not DHCP, which can be problematic when roaming unless managed with configuration manager software (see below) # Two NICs in one computer, both connected to the client bridge: #* one manually configured to talk to the client bridge config #* the other with DHCP for the Internet # Different computers for #* client bridge config (manually configured) #* Internet access (DHCP) # Connection manager software for rapid changing of NIC configuration profiles #* [http://www.boingo.com/download.html Boingo Wi-Fi software] (free) #* [http://www.mobilenetswitch.com/ Mobile Net Switch] #* [http://www.netswitcher.com/ NetSwitcher] == Test and compare user interfaces == Product simulators: * [http://support.dlink.com/faq/view.asp?prod_id=1457 D-Link] * [http://www.linksysdata.com/ui/ Linksys] == Wireless Broadband (3G) Routers == Use [[wikipedia:3G|3G]] cellular data instead of DSL or cable modem: * [http://www.evdoinfo.com/ EVDO info] * [http://www.junxion.com/ Junxion Box] (works with CDMA or GSM) * [http://www.kyocera-wireless.com/kr1-router/ Kyocera KR1 Mobile Router] * [http://www.nexusisr.com/ Nexus Hawk] (works with 802.11a/b/g, GSM and CDMA simultainiously) * [http://www.topglobalusa.com/ Top Global routers] {{Tip|tiptext=Use of cellular data service as a non-mobile DSL/cable modem replacement may be against the terms of service of a given carrier (''e.g., ''Verizon Wireless).}} == Make shore Wi-Fi work better on a boat == See ''[[Wi-Fi on a Boat]]'' == Share USB devices over Wi-Fi == New bi-directional USB 2.0 servers provide more functionality than older USB servers, including support for multi-function printers. * '''Wireless USB 2.0 servers''' ** [http://www.silexamerica.com/us/products/network/usb/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=31 Silex SX-2000WG Hi-Speed Wireless USB Device Server] * '''Wired USB 2.0 servers''' (Can be adapted to Wi-Fi by cabling to [[Wi-Fi#Wireless Access Point|wireless access point]] or [[Wi-Fi#Wireless Router|wireless router]], or with a [[Wi-Fi#Wireless Ethernet Bridges|wireless Ethernet [client] bridge]].) ** [http://www.iogear.com/main.php?loc=product&Item=GMFPSU22W6 IOGEAR 2-Port USB 2.0 Multi-Function Print/Storage Server] ** [http://www.keyspan.com/products/u2s2a/homepage.spml Keyspan USB 2.0 Server] ** [http://www.zonetusa.com/DispProduct.asp?ProductID=237 Zonet ZPS2000 Multi-Function USB 2.0 Print Server] == Share your Internet with a neighbor via Wi-Fi == * See: ** ''[[Wi-Fi#Wireless Isolation|Wireless Isolation]]'' ** ''[[#Setup a Hotspot|Setup a Hotspot]]'' {{Tip|tiptext=Opening up your Internet to outsiders may violate your ISP's terms of service and can be a serious security risk.}} == Extend Wi-Fi through a brick wall == * Do you really need to go through a brick wall? Try going around the wall, with a directional antenna on the router site, and a reflector, above, below, or to the side of the wall. Reflectors can be as simple as a sheet of heavy aluminum foil, or you can use a pair of directional antennas wired back-to-back if more signal is needed. * Run a cable from one of wireless router's antenna connectors around or (drilled) through the wall, and on the other side of the wall attach an antenna. * Run Cat-5 or better cable from one of wireless router's RJ45 ports around or (drilled) through the wall, and on the other side of the wall attach a wireless access point. * Use [[wikipedia:HomePlug Powerline Alliance|powerline]], [[wikipedia:HomePNA|phoneline]], or [[wikipedia:Multimedia over Coax Alliance|coax]] networking to attach a wireless access point on the other side of the wall, if any of these cables are available on both sides of the wall. == Roam seamlessly (using VPN) == Information: * [http://www.mobileinfo.com/Hot_Topics/MobileIP.htm Mobile IP] (MobileInfo.com) * RFC 2002 IP Mobility Support * [http://www.isoc.org/inet2001/CD_proceedings/T40/inet_T40.htm Network design with Mobile IP] Products: * [http://www.birdstep.com/wireless_infrastructure/mobile_ip.php3 Birdstep Intelligent Mobile IP Client] * [http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/ps6744/products_data_sheet0900aecd8035da89.html Cisco Mobile Client for Windows 2000, XP] * [http://www.ipunplugged.com/products.asp?mi=2.3 ipUnplugged] * [http://www.ecutel.com/solutions/viatores.asp Viatores Mobile IP VPN] {{TODO}} == Wake on LAN == * See [[Wikipedia:Wake-on-LAN]] * For Wake-on-LAN from 'outside' a router (''e.g.,'' over the Internet), what's needed is router support for ''directed broadcasts'', which most low-end routers lack because directed-broadcasts is a security risk (''e.g.,'' [[wikipedia:Smurf attack|Smurf attack]]) and isn't of much interest to the home/[[wikipedia:Small office/home office|SOHO]] market in any event. Thus this is normally found only in more sophisticated products. * Products with Wake-On-LAN support: ** [http://www.buffalotech.com/products/product-detail.php?productid=88 Buffalo AirStation 125 High-Speed Mode Wireless Secure Remote Gateway] == Make a Wi-Fi enclosure == {{TODO}} == Microsoft Windows == === File and Printer Sharing === * PracticallyNetworked ** [http://www.practicallynetworked.com/sharing/xp/filesharing.htm Windows XP Simple File Sharing] ** [http://www.practicallynetworked.com/sharing/xp_filesharing/index.htm Windows XP Professional File Sharing] * Microsoft ** [http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyID=87C0A6DB-AEF8-4BEF-925E-7AC9BE791028&displaylang=en File and Printer Sharing with Microsoft Windows] ** [http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?familyid=fd7fd48d-6b4a-448e-a632-076f98a351a2&displaylang=en Troubleshooting File and Printer Sharing in Microsoft Windows XP] === Windows Security === * Windows XP ** [http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?familyid=2d3e25bc-f434-4cc6-a5a7-09a8a229f118&displaylang=en Windows XP Security Guide] *** [http://www.microsoft.com/technet/security/prodtech/windowsxp/secwinxp/default.mspx Overview of the Windows XP Security Guide] ** [http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?familyid=9faba6ed-2e9c-44f9-bc50-d43d57e17078&displaylang=en Step-by-Step Guide to Securing Windows XP Professional in Small and Medium Businesses] * Windows Vista ** [http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?familyid=A3D1BBED-7F35-4E72-BFB5-B84A526C1565&displaylang=en Windows Vista Security Guide] * [http://www.microsoft.com/technet/security/default.mspx TechNet Security Center] === Troubleshooting Resources === * [http://support.microsoft.com/kb/313242/ How to troubleshoot wireless network connections in Windows XP] * [http://support.microsoft.com/kb/314067/ How to troubleshoot TCP/IP connectivity with Windows XP] * [http://support.microsoft.com/kb/102908/ How to Troubleshoot TCP/IP Connectivity with Windows 2000 or Windows NT] * [http://support.microsoft.com/kb/325487/ How to troubleshoot network connectivity problems] * [http://support.microsoft.com/kb/314095/ How to troubleshoot possible causes of Internet connection problems in Windows XP] * [http://support.microsoft.com/kb/299357/ How to reset Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) in Windows XP] * [http://support.microsoft.com/kb/813936/ How to Set Up a Small Network with Windows XP Home Edition] * [http://support.microsoft.com/kb/308007/ How to troubleshoot home networking in Windows XP] * [http://support.microsoft.com/kb/314073/ How to troubleshoot network printing problems in Windows XP] * [http://support.microsoft.com/kb/243075/ How to Troubleshoot Network Printing Problems] * [http://support.microsoft.com/kb/314831/ Basic L2TP/IPSec Troubleshooting in Windows XP] * [http://support.microsoft.com/kb/837243/en-us Availability and description of the Port Reporter tool] (logs TCP and UDP port activity) * [http://support.microsoft.com/kb/839013/en-us How to install the Microsoft Loopback adapter in Windows XP] === Configure manual IP address === # ''Start'' → ''Control Panel'' → ''Network Connections'' # Right-click on desired network connection, and select ''Properties'' on the pop-up menu # Scroll the connection ''item'' list if necessary and double-click ''Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)'' # Select ''Use the following IP address'' # Enter desired ''IP address'' (must be in the ''same subnet'' as other local network devices, typically something like ''192.168.0.100'' or ''192.168.1.100'', depending on whether other devices are in ".0." or ".1." ''etc.'') # Enter appropriate ''Subnet mask'' (typically ''255.255.0.0'') # Enter ''Default gateway'' (often the address of your router, something like ''192.168.0.1'' or ''192.168.1.1'') # If needed, configure ''DNS servers'' (obtained from your ISP) # Click ''OK'' to close all windows === Configure automatic IP address === ''e.g., ''by DHCP # ''Start'' → ''Control Panel'' → ''Network Connections'' # Right-click on desired network connection, and select ''Properties'' on the pop-up menu # Scroll the connection ''item'' list if necessary and double-click ''Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)'' # Select ''Obtain an IP address automatically'' # Select ''Obtain DNS server address automatically'' # Click ''OK'' to close all windows === Reset Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) in Windows XP === * See ''[http://support.microsoft.com/kb/299357/ How to reset Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) in Windows XP]'' (KB 299357) === Display network adapter configuration === # Click ''Start'' → ''Run'' # Type:<br><code>%COMSPEC% /K IPCONFIG /ALL</code> # Press [Enter] === Release DHCP lease === # Click ''Start'' → ''Run'' # Type:<br><code>%COMSPEC% /K IPCONFIG /RELEASE</code> # Press [Enter] === Renew DHCP lease === # Click ''Start'' → ''Run'' # Type:<br><code>%COMSPEC% /K IPCONFIG /RENEW</code> # Press [Enter] === Flush DNS cache === # Click ''Start'' → ''Run'' # Type:<br><code>%COMSPEC% /K IPCONFIG /FLUSHDNS</code> # Press [Enter] === Display ARP cache (table) === # Click ''Start'' → ''Run'' # Type:<br><code>%COMSPEC% /K ARP -A</code> # Press [Enter] === Flush ARP cache (table) === # Click ''Start'' → ''Run'' # Type:<br><code>%COMSPEC% /K NETSH INTERFACE IP DELETE ARPCACHE</code> # Press [Enter] === Display active network connections and listening ports === # Click ''Start'' → ''Run'' # Type:<br><code>%COMSPEC% /K NETSTAT -A</code> # Press [Enter] === Display Ethernet statistics === # Click ''Start'' → ''Run'' # Type: #* <code>%COMSPEC% /K NETSTAT -E</code> [standard display] #* <code>%COMSPEC% /K NETSTAT -E -S</code> [detailed display] # Press [Enter] * For a repeating display, add the repeat interval in seconds to the end of the above commands; ''e.g. ''<code>%COMSPEC% /K NETSTAT -E 10</code> [repeats at 10 second intervals] * '''See also ''[[Wi-Fi#Network Monitors|Wi-Fi Network Monitors]]''.''' === Display Windows networking connections === # Click ''Start'' → ''Run'' # Type:<br><code>%COMSPEC% /K NBTSTAT -S</code> # Press [Enter] [[Category:Wi-Fi]]
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